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Rev. invest. clín ; 57(3): 425-433, may.-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632463

ABSTRACT

Objective. To identify risk factors associated to surgical site infection (SSI) in newborns. Design. Case-control study. Site. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, IMSS. Patients. 279 patients were included (125 cases and 154 controls). Data. Gestational age, birth weight, previous infection, hospital stay, type of surgery, surgical drains, length of surgical procedure, bleeding during surgery, surgical site classification, serum albumin, classification of infection and surgeon performing the procedure. Results. Five independent factors associated to SSI were identified: surgical reinterventions (OR = 13.6, CI 95% = 4.3-42.7); length of surgery > 60 minutes (OR = 3.0, CI 95% = 1.4-6.3); preoperative stay > 5 days (OR = 2.8, CI 95% = 1.3-5.6); consultant surgeon (OR = 2.7, CI 95% = 1.3-5.3), and previous systemic infection (OR = 2.1, CI 95% = 1.1-4.3). Lethality was 8.2% (n = 23), 74% in the group of cases (n = 17). Conclusions. Factors associated to SSI are mainly related to the characteristics of surgery and those of the patient. Lethality was low, but most of deaths were in the group of cases.


Objetivo. Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a infección del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) en recién nacidos. Diseño. Casos y controles. Lugar. Unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, IMSS. Pacientes. Se estudiaron 279 pacientes (125 casos y 154 controles). Mediciones. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad gestacional, peso al nacer, infección previa, estancia hospitalaria, cirugía realizada, colocación de canalizaciones, tiempo quirúrgico, sangrado transquirúrgico, tipo de herida, reintervenciones, albúmina sérica, tipo de infección, y cirujano que realizó la cirugía. Resultados. Se identificaron cinco factores independientes asociados a infección del sitio quirúrgico: reintervenciones quirúrgicas (RM = 13.6, IC 95% = 4.3-42.7); duración de la cirugía > 60 minutos (RM = 3.0, IC 95% = 1.4-6.3); estancia prequirúrgica > 5 días (RM = 2.8, IC 95% = 1.3-5.6); cirujano interconsultante (RM = 2.7, IC 95% =1.3-5.3), e infección sistémica previa (RM = 2.1, IC 95% = 1.1-4.3). La letalidad fue de 8.2% (n =23), 74% fueron del grupo de casos (n = 17). Conclusiones. Los factores asociados a ISQ encontrados se relacionan con factores inherentes al paciente y a la cirugía. La letalidad fue baja; sin embargo, la mayoría de los fallecimientos fueron en el grupo de casos.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Abdominal Wall/surgery , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Digestive System Diseases/surgery , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Hospital Mortality , Intraoperative Period , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Length of Stay , Multivariate Analysis , Mexico/epidemiology , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
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